ROLE OF RAM
(RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY ) ON COMPUTER BY USMAN A USMAN
CONTENT
- Abstract
- Introduction
- How Does It Work ?
- Types of Ram
• Static RAM
• Dynamic RAM
q Limitation of Ram
q Summary
q Conclusion
q Recommendation
Reference
ABSTRACT
This seminar is primarily aim at given an insight to the subject
matter termed RAM (Radom Access Memory) which is a form of computer storage.
Its basic concept, types, functionality and some basic terms related to RAM and
some of its limitation and future benefits of RAM.
INTRODUCTION
Random Access Memory Device allows stored data to be accessed directly
in any random order. RAM is type of temporary storage media. It does not store
data permanently. It is a type of Volatile memory. This means that RAM loses
all its data once the power is turned off.
Random Access Memory (RAM) |
HOW DOES IT WORK ?
§ When the computer first starts a program it sends an address to RAM
to begin retrieving that program. The RAM address just consist a series of 1’s
and 0’s representing ‘ON’ and ‘OFF’ wire.
§ RAM does not do anything with that address until the CPU turns on
the “SET” or “ENABLE” wire. If the enable wire is turned ON the RAM
automatically senses the data corresponding to that address back to the CPU,
that data is then processed by the CPU accordingly.
TYPES OF
RAM
RAM is basically of two types:
Ø Static RAM
Ø Dynamic RAM
Static RAM is a type of
RAM that keeps the data fed to it. It
never has to be refreshed. This makes static RAM significantly faster than
dynamic RAM . Static memory cell takes up a lot more space on a chip than a
dynamic memory cell. This makes Static RAM
expensive than DRAM.
On the other hand, Dynamic RAM constantly needs to be refreshed
otherwise the stored data will be lost.
WHAT IS CACHE ?
Cache Memory is fast
memory that serves as a buffer between the processor and main memory. The cache
holds data that was recently used by the processor and saves a trip all the way
back to slower main memory. Types of Cache are:
q L1 Cache
q L2 Cache
q L3 Cache
MEMORY HIERARCHY
The memory structure of
PCs is often thought of as just main memory, but it's really a five or six
level structure.
The first two levels of
memory are contained in the processor itself consisting of the processor's small internal memory, or registers,
and L1 cache, which is the first level of cache, usually contained in
the processor.
§ The third level of memory
is the L2 cache, usually contained on the motherboard.
§ The fourth level, is
being referred to as L3 cache. This cache used to be the L2 cache on the
motherboard, but now that some processors include L1 and L2 cache on the chip,
it becomes L3 cache. Usually, it runs slower than the processor, but faster
than main memory.
§ The fifth level (or
fourth if you have no "L3 cache") of memory is the main memory
itself.
§ The sixth level is a
piece of the hard disk used by the Operating System, usually called virtual
memory. Most operating systems use this when they run out of main memory,
LIMITATION OF RAM
Ø One of the biggest drawback of Random Access Memory is that it is a
volatile memory. This means that whenever the computer is switched off all the data
that was stored in the RAM is lost.
Ø Another limitation of RAM is space limitation. The cost per bit for
RAM is high as compared to ROM, because of this reason it is not used for mass
storage.
SUMMARY
Technological advancement is taking over the world and computer has
become the song of the day the impact of RAM on computer system can never be
overemphasize because without RAM your computer would not be able to save any
vital information for later use or future reference.
CONCLUSION
Ø The amount of RAM matters more than the type of RAM. This is
because more the RAM available in a system, more number of tasks can be
performed simultaneously without any performance drop.
Ø Computers used nowadays comes with DDR2, DDR3 RAM. While RDRAM did not become popular
due to high licensing fees, high cost, being a proprietary standard, and low
performance advantages for the increased cost. It is being used in some
graphics accelerator boards in place of VRAM and is also being employed in
Intel’s Pentium III Xeon processors
RECOMMENDATION
Haven study the basic impact of RAM on a computer system, I hereby
recommend that RAM with a bigger size should be used on your various computer
in order to make the functionality of your computer more advance.
REFERENCE
http://www.ram.org
http://randomaccessmemory.about.com/od/basicideas/a/bizopps2016
http://www.itu.int/itunews/issue/2003/06/fourthgeneration.html
http://www.thecloud.net
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